Authorship：Lead author,　Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Tungiasis, a World Health Organization neglected tropical disease, is caused by the female sand flea. Most clinical trials for tungiasis use expensive or impractical drugs, which are difficult for residents to use. However, in western Kenya, communities successfully treat tungiasis with sodium carbonate. We hypothesise that the topical risk-difference of 5% sodium carbonate is no more than 10% non-inferior to dimeticone (NYDA®) for tungiasis treatment. This is a protocol for a non-inferiority study, which will be randomised and with an observer-blinded control. The study will have two arms: 5% sodium carbonate and NYDA®, one on each foot, and will take place at state primary schools in Homa Bay County, Kenya. Fleas identified among school children aged 8-14 years with sand-flea lesions will be enrolled in the study. For each participant, the viability of the embedded fleas, clinical signs including inflammation, and symptoms will be monitored for seven days after treatment. The proportion of dead fleas will be compared in the primary analysis. All adverse events will be monitored throughout the study period. We expect to identify the most effective treatment between sodium carbonate and NYDA® for tungiasis, which can be adopted in the community.

DOI： 10.3390/mps6010012

PubMed

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：JAPAN HEALTH MEDICINE ASSOCIATION  

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the lack of regional cooperation and support for infection control measures in health, medical, and welfare in Japan. Currently, Certified Nurse Specialists in Infection Control (CNSIC) and Certified Nurses in Infection Control (CNIC) from the Japan Nurses Association are expected to collaborate with the community on infection control ; however, there is limited research on their activities. In this study, we conducted a literature review to clarify the community infection control activities and networks of CNSIC and CNIC in Japan. The 59 references that matched the search criteria were selected from the Ichu-Shi Web and CiNii Articles. We reviewed titles and abstracts to identify literature that described the activities of CNSIC and CNIC in the community, and the networks that enable CNSIC and CNIC to operate in the region. Ten studies were selected for inclusion, and the following two findings were obtained. (1) The CNSIC and CNIC network of activities related to infection control in the community includes activities of regional networks supported by Japan and local governments, activities in their own networks established by their facilities, and activities in related facilities with the same management. (2) Most activities are educational and include holding training sessions and seminars, and consultation and intervention during outbreaks at local facilities. For CNSICs and CNICs to expand their activities for infection control in the community, it was suggested that (1) the actual status and effectiveness of infection control activities by CNSICs and CNICs in the community should be studied and demonstrated, and (2) the local infection control support network should be strengthened.

DOI： 10.20685/kenkouigaku.31.2_123

CiNii Books

CiNii Research

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japan Society of Nursing Research  

Objective: The objective of this study was to verify the effectiveness of a foam cleaner against contamination during blood culture collection. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed at a single facility. Study 1 involved 300 emergency outpatients who were divided into three treatment groups: 80% Ethanol ＋10% Povidone Iodine (PVI group), 80% Ethanol ＋1% Chlorhexidine (CHG group), and foam cleaner ＋80% Ethanol ＋1% Chlorhexidine (Foam cleaning group). Bacterial contamination was compared between the groups. For Study 2, 3,265 patients at the ward/outpatient department were divided into CHG and the Foam cleaning groups and compared in the same manner as in Study 1. Results: In Study 1, the contamination rates for the different groups were as follows: PVI, 12.5%; CHG, 6.5%; and Foam cleaning, 1.5%. In Study 2, the contamination rates for the two groups were as follows: CHG, 7.2%; and Foam cleaning, 1.6%. The Foam cleaning group had significantly lower contamination rates than the others in both studies (p‹.01). The most frequently detected contaminating bacterial species in both studies was coagulase-negative staphylococcus, which is part of resident skin microflora. Conclusions: The use of a foam cleaner prior to disinfection removes organic substances and stains on the skin, and when combined with a disinfectant, it reduces contamination rates during blood collection.

DOI： 10.15065/jjsnr.20210512140

CiNii Research

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)  

CiNii Research

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Other Link： https://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2021302718

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

INTRODUCTION: at least 90% of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were expected to know their HIV status by 2020. However, only 84% are aware of their status. This study determined the frequency of HIV testing services visits (HTS) and its related factors to HTS visits among adults in Homa Bay County, Kenya. METHODS: this was a cross-sectional study. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected. A backward stepwise logistic regression analysis was conducted for quantitative data by gender. Qualitative data were thematically categorised into factors of HTS visits by gender. RESULTS: a total of 645 adults participated in quantitative survey and 17 in qualitative survey. There were no gender differences in the frequency of HTS visits (males=56.3%; females= 58.7%, P=0.785). The frequency of visits was however significantly different between the rural-based (Rachuonyo North=87.5%; Ndhiwa=58.7%) and urban-based (Homa Bay Town=36.8%) facilities at P<0.001. In males, HTS visits were positively associated with ´being in Protestant church´, ´partner´s attitude´, and ´being accompanied by a friend to HTS´. ´Distance to HTS´ was negatively associated with HTS visits in males. For females, 'sexual intercourse in the past 2-5 months´ was positively associated with HTS visits. ´Being in a polygamous marriage´, ´not married´, ´community HIV testing´, and ´affordability of transport cost to HTS centre´ were negatively associated with HTS visits. CONCLUSION: there were no gender differences in the frequency of HTS visits. Social position for males and position in the family for females are suggested as the factors influencing HTS visits in Homa Bay County.

DOI： 10.11604/pamj.2021.40.217.28331

PubMed

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese  

DOI： 10.15015/00001577

CiNii Research

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Other Link： https://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2019258048

Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (nominated)  

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File： AGENDA_WHO_Skin_NTD meeting.pdf

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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