記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: Targeting regulatory T cell (Treg) infiltration is an emerging strategy for cancer immunotherapy. However, its efficacy in advanced prostate cancer remains unclear. Here, we showed the therapeutic efficacy of anti-Treg treatment in a canine model of advanced prostate cancer. METHODS: We used dogs with naturally occurring prostate cancer to study the molecular mechanism underlying Treg infiltration and the effect of anti-Treg treatment. Tumor-infiltrating Tregs was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, and the association with prognosis was examined in dogs with spontaneous prostate cancer. The molecular mechanism of Treg infiltration was explored by RNA sequencing and protein analyses. A non-randomized canine clinical trial was conducted to define the therapeutic potential of anti-Treg treatment for advanced prostate cancer. Human prostate cancer datasets were analyzed to compare gene expression in dogs and humans. RESULTS: Tumor-infiltrating Tregs were associated with poor prognosis in dogs bearing spontaneous prostate cancer. RNA sequencing and protein analyses showed a possible link between the CCL17-CCR4 pathway and the increase of tumor-infiltrating Tregs. Dogs with advanced prostate cancer responded to mogamulizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting CCR4, with decreased circulating Tregs, improved survival, and low incidence of clinically relevant adverse events. Urinary CCL17 concentration and BRAFV595E mutation were independently predictive of the response to mogamulizumab. Analysis of a transcriptomic dataset of human prostate cancer showed that the CCL17-CCR4 axis correlated with Foxp3. In silico survival analyses revealed that high expression of CCL17 was associated with poor prognosis. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that tumor-infiltrating Tregs expressed CCR4 in human patients with prostate cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Anti-Treg treatment, through CCR4 blockade, may be a promising therapeutic approach for advanced prostate cancer in dogs and some population of human patients.

DOI： 10.1136/jitc-2021-003731

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Cancer immunotherapy is a novel cancer treatment for canine tumors. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is overexpressed in some human tumors and inhibits antitumor immunity. In this study, we comprehensively evaluated expression pattern of IDO1 and the nature of IDO1-expressing cells in canine normal and tumor tissues. In normal tissue samples, IDO1 expression was detected only in the lymph nodes, spleen, tonsil tissues, and colon tissues. In contrast, IDO1-positive tumor cells were observed in several tumor tissue types. This is the first study to evaluate IDO1 expression in canine normal and tumor tissues, and the results suggest that IDO1 is a promising target for novel cancer immunotherapy in dogs with tumors.

DOI： 10.1292/jvms.21-0217

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Podoplanin is expressed in various human tumors where it promotes tumor progression, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and distant metastasis. Podoplanin is also expressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts and induces tumor malignancy. The objective of this study was to evaluate podoplanin expression in various types of feline tumor tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that podoplanin was expressed in cells of 13/15 (87%) squamous cell carcinomas and 5/19 (26%) fibrosarcomas. Moreover, cancer-associated fibroblasts expressed podoplanin in most tumor types, including 18/21 (86%) mammary adenocarcinoma tissues. Our findings demonstrate that various types of feline tumor tissues expressed podoplanin, indicating the importance of the comparative aspects of podoplanin expression, which may be used as a novel research model for podoplanin biology.

DOI： 10.1292/jvms.20-0608

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Regulatory T cells may serve as targets in cancer immunotherapy. A previous study showed that the chemokine CCL17 and the receptor CCR4 play roles in regulatory T cell recruitment in canine urothelial carcinoma. In this article, we show that the BRAFV595E mutation is associated with tumor-produced CCL17 and regulatory T cell infiltration in dogs with urothelial carcinoma. In comparison with healthy dogs, dogs with urothelial carcinoma showed increased CCL17 mRNA expression in the bladder and elevated CCL17 protein concentration in urine. Immunohistochemistry showed increased levels of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in the tumor tissues of urothelial carcinoma. The density of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells was positively correlated with CCL17 concentration in urine, indicating that CCL17 is involved in regulatory T cell recruitment. Moreover, tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells and urine CCL17 concentration were associated with poor prognosis in dogs with urothelial carcinoma. The number of tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells, CCL17 mRNA expression, and urine CCL17 concentration in cases with BRAFV595E mutation were higher than those in cases with wild-type BRAF. In vitro, high CCL17 production was detected in a canine urothelial carcinoma cell line with BRAFV595E mutation but not in an urothelial carcinoma cell line with wild-type BRAF. Dabrafenib, a BRAF inhibitor, decreased CCL17 production in the cell line with BRAFV595E mutation. These results suggest that BRAFV595E mutation induced CCL17 production and contributed to regulatory T cell recruitment in canine urothelial carcinoma.

DOI： 10.1177/0300985820967449

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Dying or damaged cells that are not completely eradicated by the immune system release their intracellular components in the extracellular space. Aberrant exposure of the damage-associated molecules to the immune system is often associated with inflammation and cancer pathogenesis. Thus, elucidating the role of damage-associated molecules in inducing sterile immune responses is crucial. In this study, we show that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is produced in the supernatants from several types of canine necrotic tumor cell lines. Inhibition of PGE2 production by indomethacin, a potent inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, induces the expression of tumor necrosis factor (Tnf) mRNA in the necrotic tumor cell supernatants. These results comply with the previous observations reported in mouse cell lines. Furthermore, comprehensive ribonucleic acid-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis revealed that three categories of genes were induced by the damage-associated molecules: (i) a group of PGE2-inducible genes, (ii) genes that promote inflammation and are suppressed by PGE2, and (iii) a group of genes not suppressed by PGE2. Collectively, our findings reveal the hitherto unknown immune regulatory system by PGE2 and damage-associated molecules, which may have clinical implications in inflammation and cancer.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-021-87979-1

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出版者・発行元：Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory  

Abstract

Targeting regulatory T cell (Treg) infiltration is an emerging strategy for cancer immunotherapy. However, the efficacy of this strategy in advanced prostate cancer remains unclear. Here, we describe the therapeutic efficacy of this strategy in a canine model of advanced prostate cancer. We used dogs with naturally occurring prostate cancer to study the molecular mechanism underlying Treg infiltration into tumor tissues and the effect of anti-Treg treatment. We found that tumor-infiltrating Tregs were associated with poor prognosis in dogs bearing spontaneous prostate cancer. RNA sequencing and protein analyses showed that Treg infiltration was mediated by interaction between the tumor-producing chemokine, CCL17, and the receptor CCR4 expressed on Tregs. Dogs with advanced prostate cancer responded to mogamulizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting CCR4, with improved survival and low incidence of clinically relevant adverse events. Exploratory analyses showed urinary CCL17 concentration and BRAF^V595Emutation to be independently predictive of the response to mogamulizumab. Analysis of a publicly available transcriptomic dataset of human prostate cancer showed that the CCL17/CCR4 axis correlated with the Treg marker, Foxp3. In silico survival analyses showed that high expression of CCL17 was associated with poor prognosis. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that tumor-infiltrating Tregs expressed CCR4 in human patients with prostate cancer. These findings suggest that anti-Treg treatment through the blocking of CCR4 is a promising therapeutic approach for advanced prostate cancer.

One Sentence Summary

Targeting regulatory T cell infiltration by CCR4 blockade induces objective responses and improves survival in a canine model of prostate cancer.

DOI： 10.1101/2021.04.12.439476

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Canine transitional cell carcinoma (cTCC) is the most common malignant tumour in the urinary bladder: it is highly invasive and exhibits metastatic characteristics. Inflammation is also strongly related to cTCC. Epithelial tumours often exhibit a mesenchymal cell phenotype during tumour invasion and metastasis owing to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is often induced in chronic inflammation. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the expression of epithelial and mesenchymal cell markers in tumour cells and to evaluate its relationship with prognosis of cTCC. In this study, 29 dogs with cTCC who underwent surgical treatment were enrolled. Clinical parameters were reviewed using medical records. Tissue expression of epithelial and mesenchymal markers was evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis. The association between the expression of mesenchymal cell markers and clinical parameters, including prognosis, was statistically examined. In five normal bladder tissues used as controls, no expression of mesenchymal markers was observed, except for one tissue that expressed fibronectin. Conversely, epithelial tumour cells expressed vimentin and fibronectin in 23/29 and 19/28 cTCC tissues, respectively. Regarding clinical parameters, vimentin score in Miniature Dachshunds was significantly higher than those in other dog breeds (P < 0.001). Multivariate survival analyses revealed that age>12 years was related to shorter progression-free survival (P = 0.02). Higher vimentin score, lower fibronectin score, and advanced clinical T stage were significantly correlated with shorter median survival time (P < 0.05). The results of this study indicate that vimentin expression was associated with cTCC progression. Further studies are needed to examine the incidence and relevance of EMT in cTCC.

DOI： 10.1016/j.tvjl.2020.105571

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Podoplanin (PDPN), a small transmembrane mucin-like glycoprotein, is ectopically expressed on tumor cells. PDPN is known to be linked with several aspects of tumor malignancies in certain types of human and canine tumors. Therefore, it is considered to be a novel therapeutic target. Monoclonal antibodies targeting PDPN expressed in human tumor cells showed obvious anti-tumor effects in preclinical studies using mouse models. Previously, we generated a cancer-specific mouse-dog chimeric anti-PDPN antibody, P38Bf, which specifically recognizes PDPN expressed in canine tumor cells. In this study, we investigated the safety and anti-tumor effects of P38Bf in preclinical and clinical trials. P38Bf showed dose-dependent antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against canine malignant melanoma cells. In a preclinical trial with one healthy dog, P38Bf administration did not induce adverse effects over approximately 2 months. In phase I/II clinical trials of three dogs with malignant melanoma, one dog vomited, and all dogs had increased serum levels of C-reactive protein, although all adverse effects were grade 1 or 2. Severe adverse effects leading to withdrawal of the clinical trial were not observed. Furthermore, one dog had stable disease with P38Bf injections. This is the first reported clinical trial of anti-PDPN antibody therapy using spontaneously occurring canine tumor models.

DOI： 10.3390/cells9112529

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記述言語：英語  

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-020-75949-y

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本癌学会  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression has been reported in various human cancers. HER2-targeted therapies showed clinical responses in humans with HER2-positive tumors. The incidence of canine primary lung cancer (cPLC) is increasing, but there are no effective systemic therapies for dogs with late-stage cPLC. HER2-targeted therapy could be an option for cPLC, but HER2 expression in cPLC remains unknown. We evaluated HER2 expression in cPLC. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that 3 samples (19%) scored 3+; 8 (50%), 2+; 5 (31%); and 1+ and 0 (0%), 0. Of the cPLC tissues, 69% were HER2 positive (scored ≥2+). These data would lead to further evaluation of the role of HER2 in cPLC as a mechanism of malignancy and therapeutic target.

DOI： 10.1292/jvms.20-0026

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Cancer-promoting inflammation is an important event in cancer development. Canine urothelial carcinoma (cUC) overexpresses prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and has a unique sensitivity to cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2)-inhibiting therapy. In addition, majority of cUC harbour BRAFV595E mutation. However, mechanisms underlying aberrant PGE2 production in BRAFV595E cUC patients remain unclear. Drug screening revealed that inhibition of RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, p38 and JNK pathway reduced PGE2 production in cUC cells. By pharmacological inhibition of the multiple components in the pathway, activation of the ERK MAPK pathway was shown to mediate overexpression of COX2 and production of PGE2 in BRAFV595E cUC cells. In silico gain-of-function analysis of the BRAF mutation also implicated involvement of mutation in the process. The positive association between ERK activation and COX2 expression was further validated in the clinical patients. Moreover, it was also suggested that p38 and JNK regulates PGE2 production independently of ERK pathway, possibly through COX2-dependent and COX1-/COX2- independent manner, respectively. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that activation of ERK induces production of PGE2 in BRAFV595E cUC cells, which is also independently regulated by p38 and JNK. With its unique vulnerability to COX-targeted therapy, BRAFV595E cUC may serve as a valuable model to study the tumour-promoting inflammation.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-020-64832-5

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Podoplanin (PDPN), a small transmembrane mucin-like glycoprotein, is ectopically expressed. It is also known to be linked with several aspects of tumor malignancy in some types of human tumors, including invasion, metastasis, and cancer stemness. However, there are few reports on the expression of dog PDPN (dPDPN) in canine tumors, and the association between dPDPN and tumor malignancy has not been elucidated. We identified that 11 out of 18 types of canine tumors expressed dPDPN. Furthermore, 80% of canine malignant melanoma (MM), squamous cell carcinoma, and meningioma expressed dPDPN. Moreover, the expression density of dPDPN was positively associated with the expression of the Ki67 proliferation marker. The silencing of dPDPN by siRNAs resulted in the suppression of cell migration, invasion, stem cell-like characteristics, and cell viability in canine MM cell lines. The suppression of cell viability was caused by the induction of apoptosis and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. Overall, this study demonstrates that dPDPN is expressed in various types of canine tumors and that dPDPN silencing suppresses cell viability through apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, thus providing a novel biological role for PDPN in tumor progression.

DOI： 10.3390/cells9051136

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Canine anal sac gland carcinoma (ASGC) frequently occurs in the apocrine glands of the canine anal sac and shows aggressive biological behavior. The expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) has been reported in various human and canine tumors. HER2 is a promising therapeutic target of these tumors, and HER2-targeted drugs, such as trastuzumab and lapatinib, have improved the outcome of these patients. In this study, HER2 expression in ASGC was evaluated to investigate its potential as a therapeutic target for canine ASGC. HER2 mRNA expression in surgically resected ASGC tissues was significantly higher than that in normal anal sac tissue. To evaluate the expression of HER2 protein, paraffin-embedded ASGC tissues were immunohistochemically evaluated. Strong and broad staining of HER2 was detected in ASGC tissues, while HER2 was weakly to moderately stained in normal anal sac apocrine glands and squamous epithelia. The degree of HER2 expression in ASGC tissues was scored based on its intensity and positivity (score: 0-3+). Scoring of HER2 expression revealed 6 samples (24%) scored 3+, 14 (56%) scored 2+, and 5 (20%) scored 1+, with no samples scoring 0. In all, 80% of canine ASGC tissues were positive for HER2 (scored ≥2+). Furthermore, putative HER2-overexpressed cells in ASGC were detected with trastuzumab by flow cytometry. These preliminary data may lead to further evaluation of the role of HER2 in canine ASGC as a mechanism of malignancy and as a therapeutic target for HER2-targeted therapy.

DOI： 10.1292/jvms.19-0019

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is expressed in various human cancers including thyroid cancers (TC) and is used as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target. Canine TC (cTC), the most common endocrine malignancy in dogs, shows a high metastasis rate, and HER2-targeted therapy could be a candidate for treatment. Here, we immunohistochemically evaluated HER2 expression in 21 paraffin-embedded cTC tissues and scored the degree of expression based on intensity and positivity (score: 0-3+). Four samples (19%) scored 3+; 6 (29%), 2+; 7 (33%), 1+; and 4 (19%), 0. Therefore, 48% of the cTC tissues were HER2 positive (scored ≥2+). These data may lead to further evaluation of the role of HER2 in cTC as a mechanism of malignancy and a therapeutic target.

DOI： 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02004

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DOI： 10.14943/jjvr.67.1.25

Web of Science

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Canine urothelial carcinoma (cUC) is the most common tumor of the lower urinary tract in dogs. Although chemotherapy and radical surgery have improved the overall survival, most dogs with cUC succumb to metastasis or recurrence. Therefore, the development of an effective systematic therapy is warranted. In this study, a comprehensive drug screening test using a cUC cell line was performed and the anti-tumor effect of a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor was evaluated. Comprehensive drug screening was performed on cUC cells. Based on this screening, the anti-proliferation effect of vorinostat, an HDAC inhibitor clinically applied in humans, was evaluated using several cUC cell lines in sulforhodamine B and flow cytometry assays. Western blot analysis was also performed to evaluate the degree of acetylation of histone H3 as well as the expression and phosphorylation of cell cycle-related molecules. The anti-tumor effect of vorinostat in vivo was evaluated using a xenograft model. Finally, immunohistochemistry was performed on acetyl-histone H3 in cUC and the relationship between the degree of acetylation and prognosis was examined using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Drug screening revealed that HDAC inhibitors consistently inhibited the growth of cUC cells. Vorinostat inhibited the growth of 6 cUC cell lines in a dose-dependent manner and induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Western blot analysis showed that vorinostat mediated the acetylation of histone H3, the dephosphorylation of p-Rb, and the upregulation of p21 upon exposure to vorinostat. Furthermore, inhibition of tumor growth was observed in the xenograft model. In clinical cUC cases, neoplastic urothelium showed significant deacetylation of histones compared to the normal control, where lower histone acetylation levels were associated with a poor prognosis. In conclusion, the therapeutic potential of vorinostat was demonstrated in cUC. Histone deacetylation may be related to cUC tumor progression.

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0218382

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本癌学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本獣医学会  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

AIM: To identify and characterize functionally distinct subpopulation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). METHODS: ADSCs cultured from mouse subcutaneous adipose tissue were sorted fluorescence-activated cell sorter based on aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity, a widely used stem cell marker. Differentiation potentials were analyzed by utilizing immunocytofluorescece and its quantitative analysis. RESULTS: Approximately 15% of bulk ADSCs showed high ALDH activity in flow cytometric analysis. Although significant difference was not seen in proliferation capacity, the adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation capacity was higher in ALDHHi subpopulations than in ALDHLo. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that ribosome-related gene sets were enriched in the ALDHHi subpopulation. CONCLUSION: High ALDH activity is a useful marker for identifying functionally different subpopulations in murine ADSCs. Additionally, we suggested the importance of ribosome for differentiation of ADSCs by gene set enrichment analysis.

DOI： 10.4252/wjsc.v9.i10.179

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are abundant and readily obtained, and have been studied for their clinical applicability in regenerative medicine. Some surface antigens have been identified as markers of different ADSC subpopulations in mice and humans. However, it is unclear whether functionally distinct subpopulations exist in dogs. To address this issue, we evaluated aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity-a widely used stem cell marker in mice and humans-by flow cytometry. Approximately 20% of bulk ADSCs showed high ALDH activity. Compared to cells with low activity (ALDHLo), the high-activity (ALDHHi) subpopulation exhibited a higher capacity for adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation. This is the first report of distinct ADSC subpopulations in dogs that differ in terms of adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potential.

DOI： 10.1292/jvms.16-0503

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記述言語：英語  

Craniocervical junction abnormalities with atlantoaxial subluxation caused by ventral subluxation of C2 were diagnosed in a 6-month-old female Pomeranian with tetraplegia as a clinical sign. Lateral survey radiography of the neck with flexion revealed atlantoaxial subluxation with ventral subluxation of C2. Computed tomography revealed absence of dens and atlanto-occipital overlapping. Magnetic resonance imaging showed compression of the spinal cord and indentation of caudal cerebellum. The diagnosis was Chiari-like malformation, atlantoaxial subluxation with ventral displacement of C2, atlanto-occipital overlapping, and syringomyelia. The dog underwent foramen magnum decompression, dorsal laminectomy of C1, and ventral fixation of the atlantoaxial joint. Soon after the operation, voluntary movements of the legs were recovered. Finally, the dog could stand and walk without assistance. The dog had complicated malformations at the craniocervical junction but foramen magnum decompression and dorsal laminectomy for Chiari-like malformation, and ventral fixation for atlantoaxial subluxation resulted in an excellent clinical outcome.

DOI： 10.4314/ovj.v7i1.10

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本獣医師会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本医用画像工学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本医用画像工学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)ファームプレス  

J-GLOBAL

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：公益社団法人 日本獣医師会  

尿道移行上皮癌に罹患した12歳7カ月齢のミニチュア・ダックスフンド，避妊雌に対して尿道全摘出及び膀胱─膣吻合による尿路再建術を実施した．尿路欠損部が広範であったため，膀胱尖部に小孔を作製し，膀胱尖を腹側方向で反転させて膀胱体を尾側に移動し，膣と縫合した．術直後より随意ではないものの，外陰部からの排尿が可能であった．第126病日のX線CT検査で内側腸骨リンパ節転移が疑われたが，症例のQOLは維持されていた．尿道全摘出及び膀胱─膣吻合による尿路再建術の報告は少なく，また本症例のように膀胱を反転させて行った報告は存在しない．今回の術式は，膀胱の機能は温存できてはいないが，雌犬の尿道移行上皮癌に対する治療の選択肢の1つになるかもしれない．

DOI： 10.12935/jvma.70.443

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その他リンク： https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jvma/70/7/70_443/_pdf

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：公益社団法人 日本獣医師会  

広範な先天性二次口蓋裂に罹患した2カ月齢，ラブラドール雑種犬，未避妊雌の同腹子2頭が来院した．双茎弁スライド法を実施した症例1では，部分的な裂開による再縫合及び再手術が必要であった．自家遊離頰粘膜片移植を併用した症例2では，早期の症状の消失，順調な癒合が認められ，経過は良好であった．双茎弁スライド法は，欠損が広範な場合，粘膜有茎弁の不安定性や鼻腔粘膜の不足による過度な張力が問題となるが，自家遊離頰粘膜片移植により鼻腔粘膜での張力の軽減及び粘膜有茎弁の足場の形成により，それらの欠点を補塡することが可能であった．双茎弁スライド法と自家遊離頰粘膜片移植の併用は，広範な二次口蓋裂に対して有効な治療法かもしれない．

DOI： 10.12935/jvma.69.687

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その他リンク： https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jvma/69/11/69_687/_pdf

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 日本獣医麻酔外科学会  

外科切除によって病理組織学的に犬消化管間質腫瘍(GIST)であると診断された11症例の臨床的特徴とc-kit遺伝子の変異について調査した。腫瘍発生部位は、盲腸7例（63.6％）、小腸2例（18％）、十二指腸、結腸各1例（9％）であり、その増殖様式は、管外型7例(63.6％)、壁内型1 (9％)、管内型2例(18％)、不明1例(9％)であった。6症例（54.5％）においてc-kit遺伝子のエクソン11に変異が見つかったが、エクソン8、9および13では見つからなかった。c-kit遺伝子変異は全症例の54.5%で認められ、最も多く見られた盲腸・管外型病変を呈した症例では80%と高率に検出されたことから、犬のGISTの病因にc-kit遺伝子変異が深く関与していることが示唆された。

DOI： 10.2327/jjvas.47.39

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その他リンク： https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jjvas/47/3/47_39/_pdf

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 日本獣医麻酔外科学会  

6歳齢、避妊雌のW・コーギー・ペンブロークが舌扁平上皮癌の治療のため来院した。病変は咽頭部まで浸潤しており手術不適応と判断し、放射線治療を実施したところ病変は消失した。しかし、第305病日に再発したため放射線治療を行い、ブレオマイシンを投与した。その結果、病変は再び消失し第655病日まで再発しなかった。その後、症例は第718病日に死亡したが、放射線治療とブレオマイシン投与で長期管理が可能であったと考えられた。

DOI： 10.2327/jjvas.46.59

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その他リンク： https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jjvas/46/3/46_59/_pdf

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 日本獣医麻酔外科学会  

鼻腔内疾患が疑われた犬20症例に対して後鼻腔内視鏡生検を行ったところ、内視鏡所見と病理組織診断・細胞診所見の一致率は85%であり、後鼻腔内視鏡生検サンプルの最終的な診断率は95%であった。後鼻腔内視鏡生検で高い診断率を得るためには、内視鏡下でBoring biopsyを実施する事と治療に反応が悪い場合や画像診断所見と生検結果が明らかに異なった場合には再検査を実施することが重要であると考えられた。

DOI： 10.2327/jjvas.46.65

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その他リンク： https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jjvas/46/4/46_65/_pdf