記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)腎癌研究会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)腎癌研究会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)腎癌研究会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)腎癌研究会  

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本癌学会  

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本癌学会  

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Partial nephrectomy (PN) is the standard treatment for T1 renal cell carcinoma. PN is affected more by surgical variations and requires greater surgical experience than radical nephrectomy. Patient-specific simulations and navigation systems may help to reduce the surgical experience required for PN. Recent advances in three-dimensional (3D) virtual reality (VR) imaging and 3D printing technology have allowed accurate patient-specific simulations and navigation systems. We reviewed previous studies about patient-specific simulations and navigation systems for PN. Recently, image reconstruction technology has developed, and commercial software that converts two-dimensional images into 3D images has become available. Many urologists are now able to view 3DVR images when preparing for PN. Surgical simulations based on 3DVR images can change surgical plans and improve surgical outcomes, and are useful during patient consultations. Patient-specific simulators that are capable of simulating surgical procedures, the gold-standard form of patient-specific simulations, have also been reported. Besides VR, 3D printing is also useful for understanding patient-specific information. Some studies have reported simulation and navigation systems for PN based on solid 3D models. Patient-specific simulations are a form of preoperative preparation, whereas patient-specific navigation is used intraoperatively. Navigation-assisted PN procedures using 3DVR images have become increasingly common, especially in robotic surgery. Some studies found that these systems produced improvements in surgical outcomes. Once its accuracy has been confirmed, it is hoped that this technology will spread further and become more generalized.

DOI： 10.1111/iju.15287

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)腎癌研究会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)腎癌研究会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)腎癌研究会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)腎癌研究会  

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

<h4>Background</h4>Birt-Hogg-Dubé (BHD) syndrome, caused by germline alteration of folliculin (FLCN) gene, develops hybrid oncocytic/chromophobe tumour (HOCT) and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC), whereas sporadic ChRCC does not harbor FLCN alteration. To date, molecular characteristics of these similar histological types of tumours have been incompletely elucidated.<h4>Methods</h4>To elucidate renal tumourigenesis of BHD-associated renal tumours and sporadic renal tumours, we conducted whole genome sequencing (WGS) and RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) of sixteen BHD-associated renal tumours from nine unrelated BHD patients, twenty-one sporadic ChRCCs and seven sporadic oncocytomas. We then compared somatic mutation profiles with FLCN variants and RNA expression profiles between BHD-associated renal tumours and sporadic renal tumours.<h4>Findings</h4>RNA-seq analysis revealed that BHD-associated renal tumours and sporadic renal tumours have totally different expression profiles. Sporadic ChRCCs were clustered into two distinct clusters characterized by L1CAM and FOXI1 expressions, molecular markers for renal tubule subclasses. Increased mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number with fewer variants was observed in BHD-associated renal tumours compared to sporadic ChRCCs. Cell-of-origin analysis using WGS data demonstrated that BHD-associated renal tumours and sporadic ChRCCs may arise from different cells of origin and second hit FLCN alterations may occur in early third decade of life in BHD patients.<h4>Interpretation</h4>These data further our understanding of renal tumourigenesis of these two different types of renal tumours with similar histology.<h4>Funding</h4>This study was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grants, RIKEN internal grant, and the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Center for Cancer Research.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104596

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本泌尿器科学会総会事務局  

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本泌尿器科学会総会事務局  

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本泌尿器科学会総会事務局  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)腎癌研究会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：医学図書出版(株)  

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Our understanding of how each hereditary kidney cancer adapts to its tissue microenvironment is incomplete. Here, we present single-cell transcriptomes of 108,342 cells from patient specimens including from six hereditary kidney cancers. The transcriptomes displayed distinct characteristics of the cell of origin and unique tissue microenvironment for each hereditary kidney cancer. Of note, hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma (HLRCC)-associated kidney cancer retained some characteristics of proximal tubules, which were completely lost in lymph node metastases and present as an avascular tumor with suppressed T cells and TREM2-high macrophages, leading to immune tolerance. Birt-Hogg-Dubé (BHD)-associated kidney cancer exhibited transcriptomic intratumor heterogeneity (tITH) with increased characteristics of intercalated cells of the collecting duct and upregulation of FOXI1-driven genes, a critical transcription factor for collecting duct differentiation. These findings facilitate our understanding of how hereditary kidney cancers adapt to their tissue microenvironment.

DOI： 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104463

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND The efficacy and safety of re-challenge with immune checkpoint inhibitors after immune-related adverse events have not been established. We report a case of successful re-administration of nivolumab in metastatic renal cell carcinoma after discontinuation due to immune-related adverse events. CASE REPORT Laparoscopic nephrectomy was performed on a 52-year-old man diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma pT1bN0M0. After surgery, left adrenal and lung metastases appeared. Nivolumab was administered as a sixth-line therapy, and he achieved a partial response, but interstitial pneumonia occurred. He was diagnosed with grade 2 immune-related adverse events, and nivolumab treatment was discontinued. Interstitial pneumonia was well controlled by steroids. He maintained a partial response for a long time, and the lung metastases disappeared 7 months after discontinuation. However, bilateral lung metastases reappeared 10 months after the discontinuation. We decided to re-administer nivolumab, while carefully monitoring the patient and fully explaining the risk of recurrence of immune-related adverse events. After 5 cycles of re-administration, computed tomography revealed a reduction in metastases without re-activation of interstitial pneumonia. He experienced a grade 1 fever the day after re-administration, but continued nivolumab therapy without other adverse events. After 7 cycles of re-administration, the lung metastases increased, and nivolumab treatment was terminated. Two months later, a grade 2 interstitial pneumonia recurred, but improved rapidly with oral steroids. CONCLUSIONS For patients who have discontinued immune checkpoint inhibitors due to immune-related adverse events, re-challenge of immune checkpoint inhibitors may be an option after explaining the risk of relapse of immune-related adverse events.

DOI： 10.12659/ajcr.932924

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

A 62-year-old man was referred to our department for artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) implantation as treatment for total incontinence after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Preoperative cystoscopy revealed bladder tumor that was proven to be high-grade micropapillary urothelial carcinoma by transurethral resection. We performed radical cystectomy with ileal neobladder reconstruction, followed by AUS implantation to treat incontinence. The AUS implantation procedure was performed 5 months after total cystectomy and resulted in significant continence recovery. To date, AUS implantation after neobladder reconstruction has not been reported in Japan, although some case series have described this procedure overseas. In our view, AUS implantation is a useful therapeutic option for incontinence in patients undergoing neobladder reconstruction.

DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.112.34

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy are currently the main treatment options for localized prostate cancer. However, no large cohort study comparing surgery and radiation has been performed in Japan or Asia. The objective of the current study was to compare the survival outcomes of patients with clinically localized prostate cancer and in elderly and young patients receiving surgery and radiotherapy. The survival outcomes of patients with localized prostate cancer (age at diagnosis ≤79 years, clinical T1-3) initially treated with surgery or radiotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. Data were collected from the population-based cancer registry of the Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. A 1:1 coarsened exact matching of age at diagnosis, clinical T stage and cancer differentiation was performed between the two treatment groups. Patients were also categorized into two subgroups by age using a cutoff of 70 years for analysis. The cohort comprised 4,810 patients aged 50-79 years. No significant difference in cancer-specific survival (CSS) was observed between the two groups (P=0.612). However, the surgery group had significantly better overall survival (OS; P=0.004). When stratified for age, similar tendencies were observed in the elderly group (aged 70-79 years; CSS, P=0.961 and OS, P=0.007). No significant difference in either CSS or OS was identified in the younger group (P=0.550 and P=0.408, respectively). Intrinsic deaths were more likely to occur in elderly patients treated with radiotherapy than those undergoing surgery (69.3 vs. 78.2%; P=0.128). The results indicated that surgery provided significantly better OS than radiotherapy, particularly among the elderly. However, no significant difference was observed in CSS. These results should be interpreted with caution, given that some important factors were unavailable in the present study, such as prostate-specific antigen values and Gleason scores. Prospective trials evaluating these therapies are warranted.

DOI： 10.3892/ol.2020.12013

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Springer Science and Business Media {LLC}  

DOI： 10.1007/s00280-020-04088-y

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Public Library of Science ({PLoS})  

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0226581

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

A 23-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a huge pelvic tumor. MRI showed a tumor mixed with a solid component and polycystic cyst with maximum diameter of about 20 cm. Percutaneous tumor needle biopsy was performed and diagnosis was Ewing sarcoma. At that time, operation is extremely difficult, so the neoadjuvant chemotherapy with ifosfamide, etoposide, Adriamycin, and vincristine were administered. After 6 courses, MRI showed tumor reduction to maximum diameter of 10 cm. We planned tumor resection with total cystectomy for radical resection, but we also tried to preserve bladder considering the young age and quality of life. Although the bladder was partially resected, tumor resection was succeeded without removing surrounding organs. Histopathological examination revealed viable cells remained, but more than 95% was disappeared and the surgical margins were negative. Here we report a case of extra skeletal Ewing sarcoma in the retroperitoneum that was treated with chemotherapy and surgery without scarifying surrounding organs.

DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.111.89

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Urologists are often referred to manage the extrinsic malignant ureteral obstruction (MUO) caused by nonurological malignancies. Usually palliative urinary diversion (ureteral stent or nephrostomy) will be performed; however, in the cases of no symptom or poor prognosis, observation (OBS) without any intervention will be selected. There are few reports about outcome of the OBS policy for MUO. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To evaluate the outcome of palliative urinary diversion or OBS for MUO. <b><i>Design:</i></b> We retrospectively reviewed the selection of treatment and the prognosis. <b><i>Setting/Subjects:</i></b> A total of 151 cases were introduced to our department as MUO between April 2011 and December 2016. <b><i>Measurements:</i></b> The patients were divided to immediate palliative urinary diversion (immediate-DIV) or OBS. The latter patients were subdivided to OBS followed by deferred palliative urinary diversion (deferred-DIV), and observation only (OBS-only). <b><i>Results:</i></b> There was no significant difference between immediate-DIV and OBS about overall survival (OS) from the consultation. In OBS group, deferred-DIV did not prolong prognosis from the consultation more than OBS-only. In the same way, there was no significant difference between immediate-DIV and deferred-DIV in OS from the intervention. Unfavorable prognostic factors for OS were lack of anticancer treatment after consultation, symptoms of MUO, and gastrointestinal cancer. When we classified the patients by these factors, the group with three factors showed significantly poorer prognosis than the others. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Immediate-DIV or OBS did not influence the prognosis in the whole patients. Three prognostic factors that will be judged by urologists easily might be useful for the indication and timing of palliative urinary diversion.

DOI： 10.1089/jpm.2019.0038

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

<h4>Introduction</h4>Choriocarcinoma syndrome is caused by bleeding from metastatic germ cell tumors with choriocarcinoma components. Here, we report a case of acute respiratory distress syndrome, which arose after first-line chemotherapy for an extragonadal germ cell tumor without lung metastasis.<h4>Case presentation</h4>A 41-year-old male visited our institution with chief complaints of back pain and weight loss. Computed tomography showed multiple lymph node metastases in the retroperitoneal cavity. There were no lung metastases. A lymph node biopsy resulted in a diagnosis of choriocarcinoma. Bleomycin etoposide cisplatin therapy was started as induction chemotherapy. On the first day, he was diagnosed with acute respiratory distress syndrome due to choriocarcinoma syndrome. We administered high-dose hydrocortisone therapy for 3 days. The patient's respiratory status improved.<h4>Conclusion</h4>In patients who are at high risk of developing choriocarcinoma syndrome, induction chemotherapy might lead to the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome due to the release of cytokines despite the absence of lung metastasis.

DOI： 10.1002/iju5.12083

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

<h4>Introduction</h4>Paraganglioma has been determined to be an extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma. Paraganglioma of the bladder is a rare entity, accounting for 0.06% of all bladder tumors.<h4>Case presentation</h4>A 58-year-old woman had been annually followed up since being diagnosed with rectal cancer 5 years ago. In January 2018, follow-up computed tomography detected a bladder tumor, and she was referred to our department for a further examination. Cystoscopy revealed a submucosal tumor on her right bladder wall. We performed transurethral resection of the bladder tumor. When we first marked the tumor margin, the systolic blood pressure increased, so we abandoned resection. We performed meta-iodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy and acid urinary collection, neither of which revealed any abnormal findings. We therefore performed open partial cystectomy based on a clinical diagnosis of paraganglioma of the bladder. The pathological findings revealed paraganglioma of the bladder.<h4>Conclusion</h4>We herein report a case of paraganglioma of the bladder.

DOI： 10.1002/iju5.12071

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

(Purpose) Pre-treatment low lymphocyte count may result from cytokine secretion by the tumor microenvironment, in association with aggressive tumor biology. We sought to establish the prognostic impact of the absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) in advanced urothelial carcinoma. (Patients and method) We retrospectively reviewed 63 patients with unresectable or metastatic urothelial carcinoma who were treated with platinum-based first-line systemic chemotherapy between January 2011 and April 2018. We evaluated the importance of the ALC in patients who underwent systematic chemotherapy. (Results) Thirty-eight patients (60%) died from urothelial carcinoma, with a median follow-up interval of 12.2 months. The median overall survival (OS) duration was 15.3 months. The mean ALC in the stable and progressive disease group was lower than that in the complete and partial response group (1,312 /μL and 1,666 /μL, respectively, p=0.004). The ALC of 1,460 /μL was determined as the cut-off on Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The log-rank test revealed that the lymphocytopenia group (ALC <1,460 /μL) showed significantly poorer prognoses than the non-lymphocytopenia group (p=0.001). Multivariate analyses showed that lymphocytopenia was an independent poor prognostic factor (hazard ratios of 3.46, p=0.002). (Conclusions) Pre-treatment low lymphocyte count is an independent poor prognostic factor in patients with urothelial carcinoma who underwent platinum-based first-line systemic chemotherapy.

DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.110.160

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The patient was a 52-year old man who underwent laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for kidney cancer. Left adrenal and lung metastases occurred 5 and 11 years after the surgery, respectively. Various molecular-targeted therapies were ineffective, so nivolumab treatment was started 12 years after the surgery. Treatment was discontinued when the patient developed interstitial pneumonia after three courses of nivolumab treatment. After steroid treatment for interstitial pneumonia, both the symptoms and findings of the imaging tests improved quickly. On the other hand, while the effect of Partial Response (PR) was evident in the lungs and adrenal glands, on the basis of the image assessments performed after three courses of treatment, the effect was maintained without regrowth even at the last follow-up, 10 months after discontinuing the treatment.

DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.110.124

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Springer Science and Business Media {LLC}  

<h4>Background</h4>The treatment of advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has drastically changed since the approval of immune checkpoint therapy. Nivolumab is a treatment option for patients with metastatic RCC, previously treated with targeted antiangiogenic therapy. The efficacy of nivolumab for patients with RCC was established by the Checkmate 025 clinical trial. Chromophobe RCC (CRCC) represents around 5% of RCC cases, but non-clear cell RCC (non-ccRCC) subtypes were excluded from the Checkmate 025 clinical trial. We report a case in which the use of nivolumab as the seventh-line therapy elicited a significant response in the treatment of metastatic CRCC with sarcomatoid differentiation.<h4>Case presentation</h4>We report a case of a 41-year-old woman with metastatic CRCC with sarcomatoid differentiation. She was treated with sunitinib, pazopanib, everolimus, sorafenib, axtinib, and temsirolimus, but treatment was discontinued because of disease progression or strong adverse events. Seventh-line treatment with nivolumab was initiated and significant clinical improvement was noted after 4 cycles. The treatment was well-tolerated with no significant side effects and the patient continues with nivolumab treatment at present.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Nivolumab may be an attractive treatment option for non-ccRCC patients with sarcomatoid differentiation that exhibited aggressive characteristics and poor prognosis. Further investigation is warranted.

DOI： 10.1186/s12894-018-0339-2

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

<h4>Introduction</h4>Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the prostatic urethra in men is an extremely rare disease, with only eight case reports published.<h4>Case presentation</h4>A 56-year-old man visited our hospital for gross hematuria. Urinary cytology detected class V, cystoscopy showed no abnormal findings, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography also showed no abnormal findings in his upper urinary tract except for a low-enhancement lesion on his left prostate lobe. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a cystic lesion surrounding the prostate that was suspected of being urethral or prostate cancer, so transurethral resection was performed. A papillary tumor was detected at the prostatic urethra, and after resecting this tumor, a cavity showing multiple tumors was observed. The final pathological diagnosis was clear cell adenocarcinoma. Laparoscopic radical cystectomy and urethrectomy were thus performed. The pathological diagnosis was the same as at the primary tumor site.<h4>Conclusion</h4>We herein report a case of clear cell adenocarcinoma of the prostatic urethra.

DOI： 10.1002/iju5.12028

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The occurrence of renal tumors originating from thyroid cancer is extremely rare with a few effective treatments for renal metastases. Here, we report the cases of two patients with differentiated thyroid cancer who underwent nephrectomy for a metastatic kidney tumor. Case 1 was a 74-year-old man who was diagnosed with right kidney tumor 10 years after initial surgery for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Right nephrectomy was performed, and the pathology was metastatic PTC. Case 2 was a 68-year-old woman who was diagnosed with left kidney tumor 24 years after surgery for follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC). Left nephrectomy was performed, and the pathology was metastatic FTC. Nephrectomy for single renal metastasis could be considered a treatment option if the patients' general condition is positive.

DOI： 10.1155/2018/7842792

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Wiley  

DOI： 10.1111/iju.13760

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

<h4>Introduction</h4>Horseshoe kidney is one of the most common congenital renal fusion anomalies. Due to its poor mobility and abnormal vasculature form, surgeons should pay close attention to all anatomical variations.<h4>Case presentation</h4>An 83-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of left renal tumor in a horseshoe kidney incidentally found by her previous hospital. We performed laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. The pathological diagnosis was clear cell renal cell carcinoma. G2 INF<i>α</i> V-pT1a with a negative surgical margin. No evidence of recurrence has been noted, and the renal function is well preserved at 28 months after surgery.<h4>Conclusion</h4>When performing laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for renal carcinoma, especially a horseshoe kidney, preoperative imaging is crucial for identifying the location of the renal vessels.

DOI： 10.1155/2018/7135180

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Springer Science and Business Media {LLC}  

DOI： 10.1007/s10585-018-9883-0

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

A 67-year-old female was hospitalized with back pain. Computed tomography (CT) incidentally revealed a tumor in her left kidney tumor (33 mm) and bilateral breast tumors. She underwent a breast biopsy and was diagnosed with breast cancer (invasive lobular cancer, cT2N0M0). The renal tumor was suspected to be clear cell carcinoma, cT1aN0M0, based on contrast-enhanced CT. Surgery was considered necessary for both the breast cancer and renal tumor. First, laparoscopic radical nephrectomy was performed for the renal tumor. However, the lateroconal fascia adhered strongly to the perirenal fat, and so simple nephrectomy was carried out after conversion to open surgery. The perirenal fat was also excised after the nephrectomy. A histopathological examination revealed clear cell carcinoma and renal invasion by invasive lobular cancer cells. Also, scattered metastases were detected in the perirenal fat and the lateroconal fascia. So, it was considered that retroperitoneal metastases from the breast cancer had directly invaded the kidney. After the operation, the patient received hormonal therapy for her breast cancer, and she was still alive and symptom-free 5 months after the operation.

DOI： 10.14989/ActaUrolJap-63-4-151

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

We performed additional administration of dutasteride in patients who did not respond sufficiently to α1-adrenoceptor antagonist treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (LUTS/BPH). Among 76 registered patients, efficacy was analyzed in 58 patients. International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), subscores for voiding and storage symptoms and quality of life (QOL) on the IPSS, and Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS) were all significantly improved from the third month of administration compared to the time of initiating additional administration of dutasteride. Additional administration of dutasteride also significantly reduced prostate volume, and residual urine with the exception of the sixth month after administration. Age at initiation of administration and voiding symptom subscore on the IPSS were clinical factors affecting the therapeutic effects of dutasteride. The rate of improvement with treatment decreased with increasing age at initiation of dutasteride administration, and increased as voiding symptom subscore on the IPSS increased. Therefore, additional administration of dutasteride appears useful for cases of LUTS/BPH in which a sufficient response is not achieved with α1-adrenoceptor antagonist treatment. Because patients who have severe voiding symptoms or begin dutasteride at an early age may be expected to respond particularly well to dutasteride in terms of clinical efficacy, they were considered to be suitable targets for additional administration.

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

We report a case of drug-induced pneumomediastinum by bleomycin in testicular cancer, which is extremely rare ; to our knowledge, only 3 cases have been reported. A 28-year-old man presented with a left testicular mass. He underwent radical left inguinal orchiectomy that demonstrated a seminoma, pT3N0M0. Ten months after surgery, para-aortic lymph node metastasis appeared, and he received three cycles of bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin (BEP) chemotherapy. On day 13 of the fourth course of BEP, he complained of snowball crepitation of the neck and computed tomography revealed subcutaneous emphysema, extensive mediastinal air, and intraspinal air accumulation without pneumothorax. The pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema tended to deteriorate until 15 days after the onset of pneumomediastinum, but fortunately he had no signs or symptoms of infection. These findings resolved spontaneously after 1 month.

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Angiosarcoma is rare and highly malignant vascular neoplasm, and primary retroperitoneal angiosarcoma is extremely rare. Preoperative diagnosis is very difficult because there are no specific imaging features, and definitively effective treatment has not yet been established. We recently treated a patient with primary retroperitoneal angiosarcoma in which a prompt and exact diagnosis was difficult to obtain. One month after surgery, local recurrence appeared, but salvage immunotherapy using recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) showed good efficacy, and the patient obtained complete response. Here we report this rare case of angiosarcoma. A 60-year-old woman with abdominal pain was diagnosed with a left retroperitoneal mass on CT scan. The tumor was about 9 cm in diameter and positioned above the left kidney. Further study using MRI, 131I-MIBG scintigraphy, and enhanced CT suggested chronic expanding hematoma and the patient underwent surgical resection. Histopathological diagnosis was primary retroperitoneal angiosarcoma based on positive staining for VIII factor, CD31, CD34, and p53. One month after surgery, FDG-PET revealed local recurrence adjacent to the psoas major. We initiated salvage immunotherapy using rIL-2. The patient was treated effectively and achieved complete response. She is alive and well 19 months after surgery and rIL-2 treatment.

DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.103.697

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

A retroperitoneal angioleiomyoma was incidentally detected in a 56-year-old woman during an examination of cardiovascular disease, and referred to the department of urology. Computed tomography (CT) showed a solid tumor approximately 3 cm in diameter, enhanced heterogeneously adjacent to the right adrenal and renal vein on magnetic resonance imaging the tumor showed a low intensity in the T1-weighted image and high intensity in T2-weighted image. These radiographic findings suggested a retroperitoneal tumor such as paraganglioma, angioma. Furthermore, because she was a carrier of Human Adult T Cell Leukemia Virus-I (HTLV-I) this tumor was suspected to have relevance to malignant lymphoma. We performed laparoscopic surgical excision of the tumor. Pathlogical diagnosis was an angioleiomyoma. Angioleiomyoma is a rare type of leiomyoma originating from smooth muscle and containing thick-walled vessels. Only a few cases of retroperitoneal angioleiomyoma have been reported.

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

<h4>Purpose</h4>Nephron-sparing surgery for small renal tumors has gained acceptance in an attempt to preserve renal function while achieving a level of cancer control equivalent to that obtained by radical nephrectomy. Moreover, laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) has been applied to partial nephrectomy because of it is less invasive. However, LPN is a technically complex procedure and has more potential for complications than open partial nephrectomy (OPN). Using hemostatic agents is one of the options to avoid complications during LPN. Microporous polysaccharide hemispheres (MPH) are an absorbable hemostatic powder produced from purified potato starch. We compare the efficacy of this new hemostatic agent, MPH and the standard hemostatic agent, fibrin glue.<h4>Methods</h4>Between January 2007 and March 2011, 55 LPNs for suspected malignancy were completed by a single surgeon in Yokohama City University Hospital. We compare two sequential groups of patients: group A consisted of 12 patients in whom MPH was used (age 41-77, mean age 59.7, male: female = 10 : 2) and group B consisted of 43 patients in whom fibrin glue was used (age 22-79, mean age 60.3, male: female = 31 : 12), retrospectively. These agents (MPH and fibrin glue) were applied to the partial nephrectomy bed before tying a suture in parenchymal suturing and after the renal hilum was unclamped.<h4>Results</h4>The MPH group showed significantly less mean estimated blood loss (25.6 vs. 86.3 ml; p = 0.036). There was no significant difference in surgical duration, ischemic time or urine leakage. Postoperative complications occurred in two patients in group B, but there were no postoperative complications in group A.<h4>Conclusions</h4>MPH is available as an adequate hemostatic agent during LPN. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between MPH and fibrin glue.

DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.103.8

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

A 53-year-old woman was admitted with right lower abdominal pain in November 1993. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a right renal tumor, suspected to be a renal cancer. She underwent right radical nephrectomy in December 1993. The pathological diagnosis was clear cell carcinoma, pT2, grade 2. In May 2006, follow-up CT showed a tumor arising from the left perirenal fat. Laparoscopic tumor excision was performed in August 2006. The pathological diagnosis was metastatic clear cell carcinoma.

PubMed

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 日本泌尿器科学会  

DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.102.464_6

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 日本泌尿器科学会  

DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.102.526_5

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)腎癌研究会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)腎癌研究会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)腎癌研究会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)腎癌研究会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)腎癌研究会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本泌尿器科学会総会事務局  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：腎癌研究会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：腎癌研究会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本泌尿器科学会総会事務局  

J-GLOBAL

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：腎癌研究会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：医学図書出版(株)  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本泌尿器科学会総会事務局  

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