Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Considering personality traits is effective for cultivating health promotion habits. Therefore, individualized interventions that account for personality traits would be more beneficial for modifying health behaviors. The present study describes the relationship between personality traits and health behaviors among working women compared with non-working women in Japan. Secondary analysis was conducted using nationally representative data from the Japanese Household Panel Survey (JHPS/KHPS). In the 2019 wave, data were gathered from 1,141 women (939 who were working and 202 who were not) between the ages of 28 and 65. Associations among health behaviors, personality traits, and employment status were confirmed by phi coefficient and coefficient ratio. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between health behaviors and personality traits. As for working women, daily fruit consumption was associated with extraversion (odds ratio [OR], 1.197; p = 0.003) and conscientiousness (OR, 1.238; p = 0.032). Conscientiousness has been found to significantly contribute to low-risk alcohol consumption (OR, 1.213; p = 0.035). Desirable physical activity habit was associated with extraversion (OR, 1.312; p = 0.000). In contrast, among non-working women, desirable physical activity habits was associated with extraversion (OR, 1.573; p = 0.007) and neuroticism (OR, 0.390; p = 0.001). Further research is needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying differences between working women and non-working women in the association between health behaviors and personality.

DOI： 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101691

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BACKGROUND: Scholars have associated happiness with health behaviors, which co-occur and exert synergistic effects. Therefore, identifying clusters of health behaviors and their effect on happiness can contribute to the development of strategies for promoting happiness and improving health behaviors. AIM: This study aimed to examine clusters of health behaviors and their associations with socio-demographics and with happiness among Japanese adults. METHODS: This study used data from the Japanese Household Panel Survey and the Keio Household Panel Survey. Questionnaires were distributed to 4,993 households out of which 1,554 responses were analyzed (participants aged 27-65 years). The survey included health behaviors (alcohol consumption, smoking, vegetable and fruit consumption, breakfast-eating habits, and physical activities), happiness, and socio-demographics. Latent class analysis was conducted to identify the clusters, whereas latent regression was employed to investigate socio-demographics related to the clusters. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the relation between happiness and the clusters. RESULTS: Two health behavior clusters were identified: Cluster 1 (low substance use and good dietary habit; n = 817; 52.3%) and Cluster 2 (high alcohol, poor nutrition, and inactive; n = 737; 47.7%). Latent regression analysis indicated that all socio-demographics, barring socioeconomic status, were significantly associated with the clusters. The "low substance use and good dietary habit" cluster was significantly related with higher odds of happiness (odds ratio = 1.425, 95% confidence interval = 1.146-1.772, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study identified health behavior clusters among Japanese adults and established the association between the "low substance use and good dietary habit" cluster and high levels of happiness. However, the causality of the relationship between health behavior and happiness remains unclear, which highlights the need for further research to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0266009

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

<title>Abstract</title><sec>
<title>Backgroundcxs</title>
Early detection of breast cancer is effective for prolonging survival, but the participation rate in breast cancer screening among target Japanese women remains low. This study examined the relationships between tendencies in decision-making under conditions of uncertainty, health behaviors, demographics, and breast cancer screening participation in Japanese women.


</sec><sec>
<title>Methods</title>
Secondary analysis was performed using data from the 2017 Keio Household Panel Survey (KHPS). The study population consisted of 2945 households. Data were obtained from the KHPS for women aged 40 years or older. Breast cancer screening participation in the past year, risk aversion, time preference, health behaviors (e.g., smoking, alcohol consumption, and medical treatment received in the past year), and demographic variables were analyzed.


</sec><sec>
<title>Results</title>
Data from 708 women were analyzed. Among the respondents, 28.8% had attended breast cancer screening in the past year. Factors found to significantly contribute to breast cancer screening participation included higher risk aversion (odds ratio [OR], 2.34; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03–5.32; <italic>p</italic> = 0.043), medical treatment received in the past year (OR, 1.56; 95% CI = 1.06–2.30; <italic>p</italic> = 0.026), higher self-rated health (OR, 1.47; 95% CI = 1.18–1.83; <italic>p</italic> = 0.001), living above the poverty line (OR, 2.31; 95% CI = 1.13–4.72; <italic>p</italic> = 0.022), and having children (OR, 1.57; 95% CI = 1.02–2.42; <italic>p</italic> = 0.042). Factors significantly associated with non-participation in breast cancer screening were smoking (OR, 0.20; 95% CI = 0.10–0.42; <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.000), alcohol consumption (OR, 0.56; 95% CI = 0.37–0.86; <italic>p</italic> = 0.007), being self-employed (OR, 0.22; 95% CI = 0.10–0.46; <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.000), and being unemployed (OR, 0.48; 95% CI = 0.26–0.90; <italic>p</italic> = 0.022). No significant relationship was observed between time preference and screening participation.


</sec><sec>
<title>Conclusions</title>
The results indicate that women who recognize the actual risk of developing breast cancer or have high awareness of breast cancer prevention tend to participate in breast cancer screening. Barriers to screening participation are not working for an organization that encourages screening and low income.


</sec>

DOI： 10.1186/s12905-021-01317-1

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Other Link： https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12905-021-01317-1/fulltext.html

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本看護科学学会  

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：SAGE Publications  

Background

In the face of a rapidly changing social environment and increasing demand for health care services, there is a global concern that academic nurse educators should have expert-level competencies and should improve the level of nursing education.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the elements that constitute competency in academic nurse educators.

Methods

A cross-sectional self-completed online survey was conducted involving academic nurse educators working at universities in Japan. We invited 277 nursing universities to participate in the survey and to provide academic nurse educators with information about the research by contacting the dean of each university’s nursing department. In total, 372 educators completed the survey (response rate 4.03%), and after excluding those with incomplete data, 367 were analyzed (valid response rate 3.97%). The data were analyzed by exploratory-factor analysis, with the least-squares method and promax rotation performed.

Results

An exploratory analysis yielded five competency factors: “facilitating active learning,” “engaging in academic research activities,” “participating in university management,” “undertaking self-directed learning based on professional ethics,” and “practicing education autonomously.”

Conclusions

The competencies identified in the present study are essential for academic nurse educators, and the five factors are in accord with the findings of previous studies. Support systems for academic nursing educators should be established to improve their competencies comprehensively. However, further research is needed to develop the competencies of academic nurse educators into more comprehensive and sophisticated competencies.

DOI： 10.1177/2377960820969389

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Other Link： http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1177/2377960820969389

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

AIM: This study examined the hypothesis that health indicators moderate the relationship between occupational commitment and intention to leave among nurses, using a large sample in Japan. METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to all registered nurses (N = 11,171) working in group hospitals in western Japan in 2014. The questionnaire evaluated intention to leave, occupational commitment, psychological distress, cumulative fatigue, and demographic variables. After a preliminary analysis of the bivariate and multivariate associations between variables and intention to leave, we tested the interactions between occupational commitment and health indicators on intention to leave. RESULTS: Of the 5,768 returned questionnaires, data from 5,505 (49.3%) participants were analyzed. Participants' mean age was 36.27 years (SD = 10.37). Most (95.14%) were women. According to a generalized estimating equation, the interaction of continuance occupational commitment and cumulative fatigue was significantly related to intention to leave (b = -0.0055). Additionally, the interaction of affective occupational commitment and psychological distress was significantly related to intention to leave (b = 0.0079). CONCLUSIONS: This study clarified that the relationship between occupational commitment and intention to leave was robust for nurses in good health. Interventions aimed at reducing fatigue and improving psychological distress should be implemented to prevent the protective effects of occupational commitment on nurses' intention to leave from being compromised.

DOI： 10.1111/jjns.12277

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In order to retain nursing staff, it is crucial to have a comprehensive understanding of the factors that motivate nurses to stay at an institution. Toward this aim, we identified a variety of factors that strengthen nurses' intention to stay at their current hospital. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted at 12 hospitals in the Tohoku and Kanto regions of Japan. Of the 1,034 nurses working in those hospitals, 713 returned the questionnaire (response rate: 69.0%). Of these, we analysed the data of 485 nurses (17.42 ± 9.83 years of clinical experience, 95.3% female) (valid response rate: 46.9%) who met the inclusion criteria of planning to stay at their current hospital and completing all questionnaire items. An exploratory factor analysis indicated that variables strengthening intention to stay at the current hospital could be grouped into five factors: "comfortable workplace environment," "passive motivational factors," "convenience of hospital location," "favorable work-life balance," and "fulfilment in nursing." Nurses who were married or had children placed a higher priority on a "favorable work-life balance" in remaining at their current workplace. Regular employees or nurses working in the smaller cities tended to display higher "passive motivational factors," which comprised various extrinsic factors. Though extrinsic factors are considered to make only short-term contributions to employee retention, they could generate positive synergistic effects when combined with intrinsic motivations such as "fulfilment in nursing." Effective nurse-retention strategies should be developed by capitalizing on the interaction among the five factors that strengthen nurses to stay at their current hospital.

DOI： 10.1620/tjem.246.175

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1177/2377960818804918

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY  

AIM: Occupational commitment and job satisfaction are major predictors of the intention to continue nursing. This study's purpose was to verify the mediating effects of job satisfaction and three components of occupational commitment on the relationship between effort-reward imbalance and the intention to continue nursing. METHODS: A self-report questionnaire was distributed to 3977 nurses by the nursing department of 12 hospitals in the Tohoku and Kanto districts of Japan in 2013. Of these, 1531 (response rate: 38.5%) nurses returned the questionnaire by mail and the complete data that were provided by 1241 nurses (valid response rate: 31.2%) were analyzed. RESULTS: Structural equation modeling showed that the effort-reward ratio had negative effects on job satisfaction and affective and normative occupational commitment. Job satisfaction and affective and normative occupational commitment had positive effects on the intention to continue nursing, whereas the effort-reward ratio had no direct effect on the intention to continue nursing. Continuance occupational commitment was not a mediator, but it positively influenced the intention to continue nursing. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that it is important to increase job satisfaction and affective and normative occupational commitment in order to enhance their buffering effects on the relationship between job stress and the intention to continue nursing. Measures to increase continuance occupational commitment also would be an effective method of strengthening the intention to continue nursing. Improvements in these areas should contribute to an increase in nurses' intention to continue nursing and prevent the loss of this precious human resource from the health sector.

DOI： 10.1111/jjns.12135

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC  

This study's aim was to develop and test the psychometric properties of the Attitude toward Professional Autonomy Scale for Nurses in Japan. In Study 1, the initial (26-item) version of the scale was pilot tested on 454 Japanese nurses; item analysis and exploratory factor analysis were performed. In Study 2, the revised version of the scale (19 items) was administered to 802 Japanese nurses. The scale had good internal consistency (α = .85). Correlations with the scale of the desire of self-determination supported its concurrent validity. The scale could facilitate the assessment of cognitive aspects of professional autonomy among nurses and contribute to assessment of the propensity to behave autonomously among nurses in various clinical settings.

DOI： 10.1177/0033294116665178

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Academy of Nursing Science  

<b>Purpose:</b> The purpose of this study is to translate the Occupational Commitment Scale into Japanese, and examine its reliability and validity.<br><b>Methods:</b> We developed a Japanese version of the Occupational Commitment Scale consisting of 18 items. We then tested its reliability and validity in a pilot study among nurses. As predicted, the results indicate that the three-factor structure of the scale (affective occupational commitment, continuance occupational commitment, and normative occupational commitment) is sufficiently reliable. Subsequent to testing, we mailed self-administered questionnaires to 4046 nurses in Japan, and analyzed 1331 (32.9%) of the responses we received.<br><b>Results:</b> As with the original scale, three factors were extracted by factor analysis, but one item was excluded from the scale due to insufficient factor load. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a 3-factor model was valid for the 17-item scale (GFI=0.946, AGFI=0.925, CFI=0.929, RMSEA=0.060). Cronbach's alpha coefficients of the scale and its three subscales were 0.690–0.837. Internal consistencies were confirmed by item–total correlation, resulting in one item's exclusion. Concurrent validity was supported by positive correlations of the three subscales with job satisfaction, and negative correlations with intention to leave nursing.<br><b>Conclusion:</b> While further studies are needed to confirm the reliability and validity of one item, this study's results indicate that the Japanese version of the Occupational Commitment Scale has acceptable reliability and construct validity.

DOI： 10.5630/jans.35.63

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：日本保健医療社会学会  

The aim of this study was to develop a Japanese version of the Family Routines Inventory (FRI). The web-based survey was conducted as a pilot study. Based on data from 520 mothers with children aged under 15 years, the scale was revised. In the main survey, 919 mothers of high school students completed a self-administered questionnaire. Cronbachs alpha of this scale was 0.81, and internal consistencies were confirmed by item–total correlation excluding 7 items. Exploratory factor analysis showed five factors: "routines in families with working parents," "routines in interaction between parents and children," "routines in families with well-regulated lives," "routines in family interactions," and "routines in kin relationships." There was a significant relationship between the Japanese version of the FRI and the Family Relationships Index. This study showed the reliability, criterion-related validity, and factor structure of the Japanese version of the FRI. However, further modifications are required.

DOI： 10.18918/jshms.25.1_41

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：OXFORD UNIV PRESS  

Children in early adolescence and their mothers were studied to clarify the association between a childs sense of coherence (SOC) and its mothers SOC, the quality of family relationships as gauged by the mother, and the childs positive life experiences at home. An anonymous self-administered group questionnaire was given to all 1540 students of a high school in Tokyo, and a similar questionnaire was sent by mail to their legal guardians. Responses were received from 1505 students (response rate: 97.7) and 989 legal guardians (response rate: 64.2); questionnaires completed by legal guardians who were the mothers of the students were paired with the corresponding childs questionnaire. The SOC scores of mothers and students were calculated, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed with the students SOC as a dependent variable. Results for boys revealed that a mothers SOC was directly related to the childs SOC, regardless of family relationships and participation in decision-making at home. For girls, a mothers SOC was related to family relationships and was indirectly related to the childs SOC through the childs participation in decision-making at home. Results revealed that for both boys and girls, a mothers SOC had an effect on the childs SOC, and this corroborates the hypothesis of Antonovsky.

DOI： 10.1093/heapro/daq081

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：Japanese  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：JAPANESE SOCIETY OF HEALTH EDUCATION AND PROMOTION  

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between past and present school experiences and the changing pattern of sense of coherence (SOC) during a period of 10 months among Japanese urban high school students.&lt;BR&gt;Methods: The participants of this study were 1,539 boys and girls who are students at a private high school (grade 1 to 3; age between 15 to 18 years) in Tokyo metropolitan area. The study was retrospective in design and partly longitudinal survey. A self-administered anonymous questionnaire test with central location testing method was performed in May 2007(Time 1), November 2007(Time 2) and March 2008(Time 3). For the measurement, the SOC-13 scale was used with their past and present successful experiences in sports, school work, art, and relationships with friends or bullying at school.&lt;BR&gt;Results: Multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed. The changing pattern of 5 variables of participants&#039;SOC, i.e.&#039;sustaining high score group&#039;,&#039;ascending score group&#039;,&#039;fluctuant score group&#039;,&#039;descending score group&#039;and&#039;sustaining low score group&#039;were the dependent variables. The direct determinants of sustaining high SOC score were found to be the participation in school club activity and not being bullied in elementary school, and excellence in sports, art, school work, and relationship with friends in senior high school. The direct determinants of ascending SOC score were to participate actively in school club activity, to manage relationship with friends and to have a certain number of friends in senior high school. The direct determinants of fluctuant SOC score group were to excel sports in elementary school, and also to manage relationship with friends and being bullied in junior and senior high schools. Conclusion: The results supported hypothesis by Antonovsky basically. Successful coping experiences and negative experiences such as getting bullied determined their SOC score.

DOI： 10.11260/kenkokyoiku.17.71

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Authorship：Lead author,　Corresponding author   Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本看護科学学会  

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Authorship：Lead author,　Corresponding author  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本看護学教育学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本看護学教育学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本看護科学学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本看護科学学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本看護科学学会  

目的:北米で作成された職業コミットメント尺度(OCS)を日本語に翻訳し,日本語版OCSの信頼性と妥当性を検証した.対象と方法:看護師を対象とした予備調査において尺度の信頼性と因子構造を確認後,看護師4046名を対象に本調査を実施し,1331名(有効回答率32.9%)を分析対象とした.結果:探索的因子分析により,情緒的職業コミットメント,功利的職業コミットメント,規範的職業コミットメントの3因子が抽出され,確証的因子分析で良好な適合度が得られた.信頼性係数は尺度全体が0.817,下位尺度が0.756〜0.837であり,I-T相関はおおむね良好な値が得られた.併存妥当性の基準とした職務満足感とは有意な正の相関が,離職意向とは有意な負の相関が認められた.結論:1項目のみ日本語訳の信頼性,妥当性が十分に得られず,結果の解釈に留意が必要であるものの,日本語版OCSについて,一定の信頼性,構成概念妥当性および併存妥当性が確認された.(著者抄録)

DOI： 10.5630/jans.35.63

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2016262635

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本看護科学学会  

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